Publications

Our lab endeavors to make all of our research materials and data openly available. If you do not see what you are looking for in the supplemental materials or pre-registration links within the papers please do not hesitate to reach out to us at mbl_contact@stanford.edu. Our measures, including translated measures, can be downloaded for free from the Materials and Measures page on our website. If you are interested in downloading our intervention videos, please reach out to us at mbl_contact@stanford.edu.

Publications

2024

*Leibowitz, K. A., *Howe, L. C., Winget, M., Brown-Johnson, C., Safaeinili, N., Shaw, J. G., Thakor, D., Kwan, L., Mahoney, M., & Crum, A. J. (2024). Medicine plus mindset: A mixed-methods evaluation of a novel mindset-focused training for primary care teams. Patient Education and Counseling. (DOWNLOAD) (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2023

Crum, A. J., *Heathcote, L. C., Morrison, Z., Yielder, R., *Leibowitz, K., Petousis-Harris, H., Thomas, M. G., Prober, C. G., Berek, J. S., & Petrie, K. J. (2023). Changing Mindsets About Side Effects of the COVID-19 Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J., *Santoro, E., *Handley-Miner, I., *Smith, E. N., *Evans, K., Moraveji, N., Achor, S., & Salovey, P. (2023). Evaluation of the “Rethink Stress” Mindset Intervention: A Metacognitive Approach to Changing Mindsets. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. (DOWNLOAD) (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Hicks, J. L., *Boswell, M. A., Althoff, T., Crum, A. J., Ku, J. P., Landay, J. A., Moya, P. M. L., Murnane, E. L., Snyder, M. P., King, A. C. & Delp, S. L. (2023). Leveraging Mobile Technology for Public Health Promotion: A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Annual Review of Public Health. (DOWNLOAD) (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Zahrt, O., *Evans, K,., Murnane, E., *Santoro, E., Baiocchi, M., Landay, J., Delp, S., & Crum, A. J. (2023). Effects of Wearable Fitness Trackers and Activity Adequacy Mindsets on Affect, Behavior and Health: A Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research. (DOWNLOAD) (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Zion, S., Schapira, L., Berek, J. S., Spiegel, D., Dweck, C. S., & Crum, A. J. (2023). Changing Cancer Mindsets: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility and Efficacy Trial. Psycho-Oncology. (DOWNLOAD) (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2022

*Boles, D. Z., *Turnwald, B. P., *Perry, M. A., & Crum, A. J. (2022). Emphasizing appeal over health promotes preference for nutritious foods in people of low socioeconomic status. Appetite. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Howe, L. C., *Hardebeck., E. J., Eberhardt, J. L., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. (2022). White patients’ physical responses to healthcare treatments are influenced by provider race and gender. PNAS. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Louis, K., Crum, A. J., & Markus, H. R. Negative consequences of self-presentation on disclosure of health information: A catch-22 for Black patients? Social Science & Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., *Anderson, K. G., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. (2022). Nutritional Analysis of Foods and Beverages Posted in Social Media Accounts of Highly Followed Celebrities. JAMA Network Open (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B., *Perry, M. A., Jurgens, D., Prabhakaran, V., Jurafsky, D., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. (2022). Language in popular American culture constructs the meaning of healthy and unhealthy eating: Narratives of craveability, excitement, and social connection in movies, television, social media, recipes, and food reviews. Appetite. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Zion, S. R., *Louis, K., *Horii, R., *Leibowitz, K., *Heathcote, L. C., & Crum, A. J. (2022). Making sense of a pandemic: Mindsets influence emotions, behaviors, health, and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Social Science & Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2021

*Boles, D. Z., DeSousa, M., *Turnwald, B. P., *Horii, R. I, *Duarte, T., *Zahrt, O. H., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. (2021). Can exercising and eating healthy be fun and indulgent instead of boring and depriving? Targeting mindsets about the process of engaging in healthy behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Boswell, M. A., Hicks, J. L., *Evans, K. M., *Zion, R. Z., *Boles, D. Z.,  Delp, S. L., & Crum, A. J. (2021). Mindsets predict physical activity and management strategies in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis & Cartilage. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Goyer, J. P., Akinola, M., Grunberg, R., & Crum, A. J. (2021). Thriving Under Pressure: The Effects of Stress-Related Wise Interventions on Affect, Sleep, and Exam Performance for College Students from Disadvantaged Backgrounds. Emotion. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Leibowitz, K. A., Howe, L. C., & Crum, A. J. (2021). Changing mindsets about side effects. BMJ Open. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2020

Crum, A. J., *Handley-Miner, I. J., & *Smith, E. N. (2020). The stress mindset intervention. In G. M. Walton & A. J. Crum (Eds.), Handbook of Wise Interventions: How Social-Psychological Insights Can Help Solve Problems. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Crum, A. J., Jamieson, J. P., & Akinola, M. (2020). Optimizing Stress: An Integrated Intervention for Regulating Stress Responses. Emotion. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Evers, A. W., Colloca, L., Blease, C., Annoni, M., Atlas, L. Y., Benedetti, F., ... Crum, A. J., ... Kelley, J. M. (2020). How to communicate about placebo and nocebo effects in clinical practice: Expert consensus. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Gruber, J., Mendle, J., Lindquist, K. A., Schmader, T., Clark, L. A., … Crum, A. J., … Williams, L. A. (2020). The Future of Women in Psychological Science. Perspectives on Psychological Science. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Heathcote, L. C., *Zion, S. R., & Crum, A. J. (2020). Cancer survivorship — Considering mindsets. JAMA Oncology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Leibowitz, K. A., & Crum, A. J. (2020, April 1). In stressful times, make stress work for you. The New York Times. (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Rosenberg, G., *Zion, S. R., Shearer, E., Merrell, S. B., Abadilla, N., Spain, D., Crum, A. J., & Weiser, T. G. (2020). What constitutes a ‘successful’ recovery? Patient perceptions of the recovery process after a traumatic injury. Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Smith, E. N., Young, M. D., & Crum, A. J. (2020). Stress, mindsets, and success in Navy SEALs special warfare training. Frontiers in Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., *Anderson, K. G., Jurafsky, D., & Crum, A. J. (2020). Five-star prices, tastier healthy item descriptions? Expensive restaurants’ descriptive menu language. Health Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., & Crum, A. J. (2020). The taste-focused labeling intervention. In G. M. Walton & A. J. Crum (Eds.), Handbook of Wise Interventions: How Social-Psychological Insights Can Help Solve Problems. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

*Turnwald, B. P., *Handley-Miner, I. J., *Samuels, N. A., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. (2020). Nutritional analysis of foods and beverages depicted in top-grossing US movies, 1994-2018. JAMA Internal Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., … Crum, A. J., … *Zion, S. R., Willer, R. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Walton, G. M. & Crum, A. J. (eds.) (2020). Handbook of Wise Interventions: How Social-Psychological Insights Can Help Solve Problems. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

*Zahrt, O. H. & Crum, A. J. (2020). Effects of physical activity recommendations on mindset, behavior and perceived health. Preventive Medicine Reports. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2019

Cauchard, J. R., Frey, J., *Zahrt, O. H., Johnson, K., Crum, A. J., & Landay, J. A. (2019). The positive impact of push vs pull progress feedback: A 6-week activity tracking study in the wild. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies. (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Conner, A. L., *Boles, D. Z., Markus, H. R., Eberhardt, J. L., & Crum, A. J. (2019). Americans' health mindsets: Content, cultural patterning, and associations with physical and mental health. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Howe, L. C., *Hardebeck, E. J., *Leibowitz, K. A., & Crum, A. J. (2018). Providers’ demeanor impacts patient perceptions of visit length. Journal of General Internal Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Howe, L. C., *Leibowitz, K. A., & Crum, A. J. (2019). When your doctor “gets it” and “gets you”: The critical role of competence and warmth in the patient-provider interaction. Frontiers in Psychiatry. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Howe, L. C., *Leibowitz, K. A., *Perry, M. A., Bitler, J. M., Block, W., Kaptchuk, T. J., Nadeau, K. C., & Crum, A. J. (2019). Changing patient mindsets about non-life-threatening symptoms during oral immunotherapy: A randomized clinical trial. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Leibowitz, K. A., *Hardebeck, E. J., *Goyer, J. P., & Crum, A. J. (2019). The role of patient beliefs in open-label placebo effects. Health Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Smith, E. N., *Santoro, E. W., Moraveji, N., Susi, M., & Crum, A. J. (2019). Integrating wearables in stress management interventions: Promising evidence from a randomized trial. International Journal of Stress Management.  (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., Bertoldo, J. D., *Perry, M. A., Policastro, P., Timmons, M., Bosso, C., Connors, P., Valgenti, R. T., Pine, L., Challamel, G., Gardner, C. D., & Crum, A. J. (2019). Effects of taste-focused vs. health-focused labels on vegetable intake in university dining halls: A randomized controlled multi-site intervention. Psychological Science. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P. & Crum, A. J. (2019). Smart food policy for healthy food labeling: Leading with taste, not healthiness, to shift consumption and enjoyment of healthy foods. Preventive Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., *Goyer, J. P., *Boles, D. Z., Silder, A., Delp, S. L., & Crum, A. J. (2019). Learning one’s genetic risk changes physiology independent of actual genetic risk. Nature Human Behaviour. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Zion, S. R. & Crum, A. J. (2019). Targeting mindsets, not just tumors. Cell: Trends in Cancer. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2018

André, Q., Carmon, Z., Wertenbroch, K., Crum, A. J., Frank, D., Goldstein, W., Huber, J., van Boven, L., Weber, B., & Yang, H. (2018). Consumer Choice and Autonomy in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data. Customer Needs and Solutions. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A.J., Akinola, M., *Turnwald, B. P., Kaptchuk, T. J., & Hall, K. T. (2018). Catechol-O-Methyltransferase moderates effect of stress mindset on affect and cognition. PLOS One. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Evers, A. W., Colloca, L., Blease, C., Annoni, M., Atlas, L. Y., Benedetti, F. … Crum, A. J. … Kelley, J. M. (2018). Implications of placebo and nocebo effects for clinical practice: Expert consensus. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Jamieson, J. P., Crum, A. J., *Goyer, J. P., Marotta, M. E., & Akinola, M. (2018). Optimizing stress responses with reappraisal and mindset interventions: An integrated model. Anxiety, Stress and Coping. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Leibowitz, K. A., *Hardebeck, E. J., *Goyer, J. P., & Crum, A. J. (2018). Physician assurance reduces patient symptoms in US adults: An experimental study. Journal of General Internal Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Park, D., Yu, A., Metz, A., Tsukayama, E., Crum, A. J., & Duckworth, A. (2018). Beliefs about Stress Attenuate the Relation Among Adverse Life Events, Perceived Distress, and Self-Control. Child Development. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Zion, S. R. & Crum, A.J. (2018). Mindsets matter: A new framework for harnessing the placebo effect in modern medicine. International Review of Neurobiology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2017

Crum, A. J., Akinola, M., Martin, A., & Fath, S. (2017). The Role of Stress Mindset in Shaping Cognitive, Emotional, and Physiological Responses to Challenging and Threatening Stress. Anxiety, Stress and Coping. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J., *Leibowitz, K. A., & Verghese, A. (2017). Making Mindset Matter. BMJ. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J. & Zuckerman, B. (2017). Changing Mindsets to Enhance Treatment Effectiveness. JAMA. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Howe, L. C., *Goyer, J. P., & Crum, A. J. (2017). Harnessing the Placebo Effect: Exploring the Influence of Physician Characteristics on Placebo Response. Health Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., *Boles, D. Z., & Crum, A. J. (2017). Association Between Indulgent Descriptions and Vegetable Consumption: Twisted Carrots and Dynamite Beets. JAMA Internal Medicine. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Turnwald, B. P., Jurafsky, D., Conner, A. L., & Crum, A. J. (2017). Reading Between the Menu Lines: Are Restaurants’ Descriptions of “Healthy” Foods Unappealing? Health Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

*Zahrt, O. & Crum, A. J. (2017). Perceived Physical Activity and Mortality: Evidence from Three Nationally Representative U.S. Samples. Health Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

2016 and Before

Akinola, M., Fridman, I., Mor, S., Morris, M. W., & Crum, A. J. (2016). Adaptive Appraisals of Anxiety Moderate the Association between Cortisol Reactivity and Performance in Salary Negotiations. PLOS One. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Brackett, M., Crum, A. J. & Salovey, P. (2008). Emotional Intelligence. In S.J. Lopez (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of Positive Psychology. London: Blackwell Publishing.

Crum, A. J., Corbin, W., Brownell, K. & Salovey, P. (2011). Mind Over Milkshakes: Mindsets, Not Just Nutrients, Determine Ghrelin Response. Health Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J., & Crum, T. (2015, September 3). Stress can be a good thing if you know how to use it. Harvard Business Review. (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J. & Langer, E. (2007). Mind-Set Matters: Exercise and the Placebo Effect. Psychological Science. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J. & Lyddy, C. (2014). De-stressing Stress: The Power of Mindsets and the Art of Stressing Mindfully. In A. Ie, C. T. Ngnoumen, & E. J. Langer (Eds.), The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Mindfulness. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.  (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J. & Phillips, D. (2015). Self-Fulfilling Prophesies, Placebo Effects, and the Social-Psychological Creation of Reality. In R. Scott and S. Kosslyn (Eds.), Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J., Phillips, D., *Goyer, J. P., Akinola, M., & Higgins, T. (2016). Transforming Water: Social Influence Moderates Psychological, Physiological, and Functional Response to a Placebo Product. PLOS One. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J. & Salovey, P. (2013). Emotionally Intelligent Happiness. In S. A. David, I. Boniewell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Happiness. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J., Salovey, P. & Achor, S. (2013). Rethinking Stress: The Role of Mindsets in Determining the Stress Response. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

Crum, A. J., Salovey, P, & Achor, S. (2011). Evaluating a mindset training program to unleash the enhancing nature of stress. Academy of Management Proceedings. (DOWNLOAD) | (VIEW ON PUBLISHER'S SITE)

In Submission

Crum, A. J. Mindsets and health.

Crum, A. J., *Heathcote, L. C., Morrison, Z., Yielder, R., *Leibowitz, K., Petousis-Harris, H., Thomas, M. G., Prober, C., Berek, J. S., Petrie, K. J. Changing Mindsets about Side Effects of the COVID-19 Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Crum, A. J., *Santoro, E. W., *Smith, E. N., *Handley-Miner, I. J., Achor, S., Moraveji, N., & Salovey, P. Changing stress mindsets: A metacognitive approach.

*Louis, K., *Horii, R., *Zion, S. R., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. The Interdependence of Health: Measuring the Social Extension of Health Mindset in the USA and its Behavioral and Policy Associations.

*Zion, S. R., *Boswell, M., *Heathcote, L. C., Zaleta, A. K., McManus, S., Dweck, C. S., & Crum, A. J. Illness Mindsets in Health and Disease: Development and Validation of the Illness Mindset Inventory (IMI).

*Zion, S. R., Schapira, L., Berek, J. S., Spiegel, D., Dweck, C. S., & Crum, A. J. Changing Mindsets of Recently Diagnosed Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Digital Intervention.

In Preparation

*Louis, K., *Horii, R., *Zion, S. R., Thomas, E., Markus, H. R., & Crum, A. J. The Interdependence of Health: Measuring the Social Extension of Health Mindset in the USA and its Behavioral and Policy Associations.

*Santoro, E. W., *Evans, K., *Handley-Miner, I. J, *Zhart, O., *Hardebeck, E., & Crum, A. J. Meta-mindset: Targeting mindsets about mindset to motivate change. 

*Author is an advisee